Psychology 3441F 650 FW23
Frontal Cortex and the Development of Cognitive Control
If there is a discrepancy between the outline posted below and the outline posted on the OWL course website, the latter shall prevail.
WESTERN UNIVERSITY
LONDON CANADA
Department of Psychology
Fall/Winter 2023-2024
Psychology PSYCHOL 3441F Section 650
Frontal Cortex and the Development of Cognitive Control
- CALENDAR DESCRIPTION
An in-depth theoretical and methodological examination of the association between the development of cognitive control and age-related changes in prefrontal cortex structure and function.
Prerequisite(s): Both Psychology 2801F/G and Psychology 2811A/B, or the former Psychology 2820E, or both the former Psychology 2800E and the former Psychology 2810, and one of Psychology 2040A/B, Psychology 2410A/B, Psychology 2220A/B, Psychology 2221A/B or Neuroscience 2000.
3 lecture/seminar hours, 0.5 course
Unless you have either the prerequisites for this course or written special permission from your Dean to enrol in it, you may be removed from this course and it will be deleted from your record. This decision may not be appealed. You will receive no adjustment to your fees in the event that you are dropped from a course for failing to have the necessary prerequisites.
2.0 COURSE INFORMATION
Instructor: Niki Hosseini-Kamkar, PhD
Office Hours: By Appointment
Email: nhossei4@uwo.ca
Teaching Assistant: Ashwin Harimohan
Office Hours: By Appointment
Email: aharimoh@uwo.ca
Time and Location of Classes: Online Asynchronous
Delivery Method: Virtual
Students who are in emotional/mental distress should refer to Health and Wellness @Western https://www.uwo.ca/health/ for a complete list of options about how to obtain help.
Please contact the course instructor if you require material in an alternate format or if you require any other arrangements to make this course more accessible to you. You may also contact Accessible Education at aew@uwo.ca or 519-661-2147.
2.1 Online Learning Notice:
Please note: For courses delivered in an online format, include an online component, or are required to pivot online, students must have a reliable internet connection and computer that are compatible with online learning system requirements. Some courses may also require the use of a remote proctoring platform to ensure assessments are taken fairly in accordance with Western’s policy on Scholastic Discipline for Undergraduate Students and Scholastic Discipline for Graduate Students.
3.0 TEXTBOOK
There is no textbook for this course. Readings will be posted on-line through the course webpage located through OWL.
4.0 COURSE OBJECTIVES & LEARNING OUTCOMES
Cognitive control follows a protracted developmental trajectory, showing continued development into early adulthood. This course will critically examine hypotheses concerning cortical, genetic, and experiential influences on the development of cognitive control through an examination of primary research findings. The goal of the course will be to introduce students to the central theoretical debates, empirical methods, and findings pertaining to these research questions.
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Learning Outcome |
Learning Activities |
Assessment |
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Knowledge and Understanding |
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Identify (I), describe (De), and explain (E) concepts related to the development of prefrontal cortex and cognitive control. |
Reading.
Discussion Forum.
Online presentation. |
Examinations (IDeE)
Online presentation (DeE)
Term paper (DeE) |
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Abilities |
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Critique and apply knowledge of developmental research methods.
Critique and apply knowledge of developmental theory.
Seek, find, and evaluate primary developmental research literature
Connect topics in basic science to one’s own experience. |
Reading.
Discussion Forum.
Online presentation.
Term paper |
Examinations
Online presentation.
Term paper.
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Attributes |
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Communicate (Co) ideas and research-based evidence orally and in writing.
Distinguish (Di) cognitive and neurophysiological explanations of behaviour
Critical thinking (Ct)
Collaborative interactions (Ci) |
Online presentation.
Discussion Forum
Term paper. |
Writing assignment (Co, Di, Ct)
Examinations (Co, Di)
Online presentation (Co, Ci, Di, Ct) |
5.0 EVALUATION
The evaluation and testing formats for this course were created to assess the learning objectives as listed in section 4.0 and are considered necessary for meeting these learning objectives.
MIDTERM EXAM 1 = 30% of final mark
FINAL EXAM = 30% of final mark
TERM PAPER = 25% of final mark
ONLINE PRESENTATION = 15% of final mark
Exams will be mixed format MC and short answer and essay questions. Exams will not be cumulative. Exams will be based on readings and lectures. Term paper will be a 20-page critical examination of a primary research paper of the student’s choosing on the topic of cognitive control and the development of the prefrontal cortex. Online presentations will involve video presentations on one of the course readings.
5.1 POLICY ON MISSING COURSEWORK
If the Midterm or Final exam are missed, the student must complete a make-up exam to pass the course.
If the student submits the term paper past the due date, there will be a 2% per day late penalty.
If the online presentation is not completed, the student will receive a grade of 0 on that component. The late penalty for the online presentation will be 5% per day. Please note: Students must receive appropriate departmental approval and accommodation for make-up exams or submitting course content past the deadline.
PLEASE NOTE: Because this is an essay course, as per Senate Regulations, you must pass the essay component to pass the course. That is, the average mark for your written assignments must be at least 50%.
This course is exempt from the Senate requirement that students receive assessment of their work accounting for at least 15% of their final grade at least three full days before the date of the deadline for withdrawal from a course without academic penalty.
The expectation for course grades within the Psychology Department is that they will be distributed around the following averages:
70% 1000-level to 2099-level courses
72% 2100-2999-level courses
75% 3000-level courses
80% 4000-level courses
The Psychology Department follows Western’s grading guidelines, which are as follows (see: https://www.uwo.ca/univsec/pdf/academic_policies/general/grades_undergrad.pdf
A+ 90-100 One could scarcely expect better from a student at this level
A 80-89 Superior work that is clearly above average
B 70-79 Good work, meeting all requirements, and eminently satisfactory
C 60-69 Competent work, meeting requirements
D 50-59 Fair work, minimally acceptable
F below 50 Fail
Note that in the event that course grades are significantly higher or lower than these averages, instructors may be required to make adjustments to course grades. Such adjustment might include the normalization of one or more course components and/or the re-weighting of various course components.
Policy on Grade Rounding: Please note that although course grades within the Psychology Department are rounded to the nearest whole number, no further grade rounding will be done. No additional assignments will be offered to enhance a final grade; nor will requests to change a grade because it is needed for a future program be considered. To maximize your grade, do your best on each and every assessment within the course.
6.0 ASSESSMENT/EVALUATION SCHEDULE
MIDTERM EXAM: Friday, October 17th - due by 9:00 PM ONLINE
FINAL EXAM: Time & Location TBA by Registrar’s Office
7.0 CLASS SCHEDULE
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Date |
Topic |
Readings |
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Sept 12 |
Development of Cognitive Control: a Role for Prefrontal Cortex (PFC)? |
1.Diamond, 2002 2. Morton & Munakata, 2002 3. Friedman & Robbins 2022 |
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Sep 19 |
PFC & Cognitive Control: Lesion & Imaging Evidence |
3. Milner, 1963 4. Diamond & Goldman-Rakic, 1989 5. Egner & Hirsch, 2005 |
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Sep 26 |
Protracted Development of PFC |
6. Sowell et al., 2001 |
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Oct 3 |
PFC or Cognitive Control Network? |
7. Cole & Schneider, 2007 8. Fair et al., 2007 9. Menon & D’Esposito 2022 |
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Oct 10 |
Genetics |
9. Friedman et al., 2008 10. Winterer & Goldman 2003 |
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Oct 17 |
MID-TERM EXAM |
**Term paper assigned** |
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Oct 24 |
Environment: Training, Culture, & Adversity |
11. Karbach & Kray, 2009 12. Sabbagh et al., 2006; 13. Hosseini-Kamkar et al., 2017 14. Lund et al., 2022 15. Cho et al., 2023 |
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Oct 31 |
FALL READING BREAK |
No Readings |
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Nov 7 |
Gene-Environment Interaction |
16. Scarr & McCartney, 1983
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Nov 14 |
Development of PFC: Why so Protracted? |
17. Dehaene-Lambertz et al., 2002 18 .Thompson-Schill et al., 2009
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Nov 21 |
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19. Castellanos, F. X., Sonuga-Barke, E. J., Milham, M. P., & Tannock, R. (2006). 20. Lukito et al 2020 |
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Nov 28 |
Future directions of EF |
21. Doebel 2020 |
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Dec 5 |
Review |
**Term paper DUE** |
8.0 LAND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We acknowledge that Western University is located on the traditional lands of the Anishinaabek, Haudenosaunee, Lūnaapéewak and Attawandaron peoples, on lands connected with the London Township and Sombra Treaties of 1796 and the Dish with One Spoon Covenant Wampum.
With this, we respect the longstanding relationships that Indigenous Nations have to this land, as they are the original caretakers. We acknowledge historical and ongoing injustices that Indigenous Peoples (e.g. First Nations, Métis and Inuit) endure in Canada, and we accept responsibility as a public institution to contribute toward revealing and correcting miseducation, as well as renewing respectful relationships with Indigenous communities through our teaching, research and community service.
9.0 STATEMENT ON ACADEMIC OFFENCES
Students are responsible for understanding the nature and avoiding the occurrence of plagiarism and other scholastic offences. Plagiarism and cheating are considered very serious offences because they undermine the integrity of research and education. Actions constituting a scholastic offence are described at the following link: https://www.uwo.ca/univsec/pdf/academic_policies/appeals/scholastic_discipline_undergrad.pdf
As of Sept. 1, 2009, the Department of Psychology will take the following steps to detect scholastic offences. All multiple-choice tests and exams will be checked for similarities in the pattern of responses using reliable software, and records will be made of student seating locations in all tests and exams. All written assignments will be submitted to TurnItIn, a service designed to detect and deter plagiarism by comparing written material to over 5 billion pages of content located on the Internet or in TurnItIn’s databases. All papers submitted for such checking will be included as source documents in the reference database for the purpose of detecting plagiarism of papers subsequently submitted to the system. Use of the service is subject to the licensing agreement, currently between Western and Turnitin.com (http://www.turnitin.com).
Computer-marked multiple-choice tests and/or exams will be subject to submission for similarity review by software that will check for unusual coincidences in answer patterns that may indicate cheating.
In classes that involve the use of a personal response system (PRS), data collected using the PRS will only be used in a manner consistent to that described in this outline. It is the instructor’s responsibility to make every effort to ensure that data remain confidential. However, students should be aware that as with all forms of electronic communication, privacy is not guaranteed. Your PRS login credentials are for your sole use only. Students attempting to use another student’s credentials to submit data through the PRS may be subject to academic misconduct proceedings.
Possible penalties for a scholastic offence include failure of the assignment/exam, failure of the course, suspension from the University, and expulsion from the University.
10.0 POLICY ON THE USE OF EXAM PROCTORING SOFTWARE
Tests and examinations for online courses will be conducted using a remote proctoring service. By taking this course, you are consenting to the use of this software and acknowledge that you will be required to provide personal information (including some biometric data) and the session will be recorded. Completion of this course will require you to have a reliable internet connection and a device that meets the technical requirements for this service. More information about this remote proctoring service, including technical requirements, is available on Western’s Remote Proctoring website at: https://remoteproctoring.uwo.ca.
In the event that in-person exams are unexpectedly canceled, you may only be given notice of the use of a proctoring service a short time in advance.
11.0 POLICY ON ACCOMMODATION FOR ILLNESS OR OTHER ABSENCES
Western’s policy on Accommodation for Medical Illness can be found at:
https://www.westerncalendar.uwo.ca/PolicyPages.cfm?PolicyCategoryID=1&Command=showCategory&SelectedCalendar=Live&ArchiveID=#Page_12
If you experience an extenuating circumstance (e.g., illness, injury) sufficiently significant to temporarily make you unable to meet academic requirements, you may request accommodation through the following routes:
- For medical absences, submitting a Student Medical Certificate (SMC) signed by a licensed medical or mental health practitioner in order to be eligible for Academic Consideration;
- For non-medical absences, submitting appropriate documentation (e.g., obituary, police report, accident report, court order, etc.) to Academic Counselling in their Faculty of registration in order to be eligible for academic consideration. Students are encouraged to contact their Academic Counselling unit to clarify what documentation is appropriate.
Students must see the Academic Counsellor and submit all required documentation in order to be approved for certain accommodation.
https://www.registrar.uwo.ca/faculty_academic_counselling.html
Students seeking academic consideration:
- are advised to consider carefully the implications of postponing tests or midterm exams or delaying handing in work;
- must communicate with their instructors no later than 24 hours after the end of the period covered SMC, or immediately upon their return following a documented absence
Students seeking accommodation for religious purposes are advised to contact Academic Counselling at least three weeks prior to the religious event and as soon as possible after the start of the term.
12.0 CONTINGENCY PLAN FOR RETURN TO LOCKDOWN: IN-PERSON & BLENDED CLASSES
In the event of a COVID-19 resurgence or any other event that necessitates the course delivery moving away from face-to-face interaction, all remaining course content will be delivered entirely online, either synchronously (i.e., at the times indicated in the timetable) or asynchronously (e.g., posted on OWL for students to view at their convenience). The grading scheme will not change. Any remaining assessments will also be conducted online, as determined by the course instructor.
13.0 STATEMENTS CONCERNING ONLINE ETIQUETTE
In courses involving online interactions, the Psychology Department expects students to honour the following rules of etiquette:
- please “arrive” to class on time
- please use your computer and/or laptop if possible (as opposed to a cell phone or tablet)
- please ensure that you are in a private location to protect the confidentiality of discussions in the event that a class discussion deals with sensitive or personal material
- to minimize background noise, kindly mute your microphone for the entire class until you are invited to speak, unless directed otherwise
- In classes larger than 30 participants please turn off your video camera for the entire class unless you are invited to speak
- In classes of 30 students or fewer, where video chat procedures are being used, please be prepared to turn your video camera off at the instructor’s request if the internet connection becomes unstable
- Unless invited by your instructor, do not share your screen in the meeting
The course instructor will act as moderator for the class and will deal with any questions from participants. To participate please consider the following:
- If you wish to speak, use the “raise hand” function and wait for the instructor to acknowledge you before beginning your comment or question.
- Please remember to unmute your microphone and turn on your video camera before speaking.
- Self-identify when speaking.
- Please remember to mute your mic and turn off your video camera after speaking (unless directed otherwise).
General considerations of “netiquette”:
- Keep in mind the different cultural and linguistic backgrounds of the students in the course.
- Be courteous toward the instructor, your colleagues, and authors whose work you are discussing.
- Be respectful of the diversity of viewpoints that you will encounter in the class and in your readings. The exchange of diverse ideas and opinions is part of the scholarly environment. “Flaming” is never appropriate.
- Be professional and scholarly in all online postings. Use proper grammar and spelling. Cite the ideas of others appropriately.
Note that disruptive behaviour of any type during online classes, including inappropriate use of the chat function, is unacceptable. Students found guilty of Zoom-bombing a class or of other serious online offenses may be subject to disciplinary measures under the Code of Student Conduct.
14.0 OTHER INFORMATION
Office of the Registrar: https://registrar.uwo.ca
Student Development Services: www.sdc.uwo.ca
Psychology Undergraduate Program: https://www.psychology.uwo.ca/undergraduate/index.html
If you wish to appeal a grade, please read the policy documentation at: https://www.uwo.ca/univsec/pdf/academic_policies/appeals/appealsundergrad.pdf
Please first contact the course instructor. If your issue is not resolved, you may make your appeal to the Undergraduate Chair in Psychology (psyugrd@uwo.ca).
Copyright Statement: Lectures and course materials, including power point presentations, outlines, videos and similar materials, are protected by copyright. You may take notes and make copies of course materials for your own educational use. You may not record lectures, reproduce (or allow others to reproduce), post or distribute any course materials publicly and/or for commercial purposes without the instructor’s written consent.
Policy on the Recording of Synchronous Sessions: Some or all of the remote learning sessions for this course (if scheduled) may be recorded. The data captured during these recordings may include your image, voice recordings, chat logs and personal identifiers (name displayed on the screen). The recordings will be used for educational purposes related to this course, including evaluations. The recordings may be disclosed to other individuals participating in the course for their private or group study purposes. Please contact the instructor if you have any concerns related to session recordings. Participants in this course are not permitted to privately record the sessions, except where recording is an approved accommodation, or the student has the prior written permission of the instructor.
